This paper reports the initial results and suggestions of a research project focusing on the competitiveness and efficiency of Finland’s manufacturing industry and networks. Radical changes in structure and operation of supply chains and manufacturing networks pose grand challenges to both OEMs and subcontractors. Based on literature reviews, interviews, surveys and expert workshops, this paper reports and outlines solutions for the key challenges that were identified in relation to competitiveness, efficiency and manufacturability in Finnish manufacturing networks and supply chains.